托福写作让步段开头段综合解析

　　托福考试是有出国留学梦的同学们必须要迈过的一个门槛，而写作是里面相对比较难的一项，很多同学的分数都卡在这个单项上面了。其中特别是独立写作是很多同学感到比较难的一项。为了帮助大家，下面小编给大家带来托福写作让步段开头段综合解析。

　　托福写作让步段怎么写?3个步骤让你写好它

　　从近年来的托福写作真题来看，一般都是趋向于一个单一且固定的模式，即Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: ___. 面对这样的题目，即你可以有三种选择，同意，不同意，不置可否。尽管ETS官方并未给出立场的限定，但是在真正考试的时候，选用前两种是比较容易把握的。第三种不置可否的立场并非完全不能写，但是其中的"度"的把握要求较高，容易被判为立场不明，因而不推荐考生选用。

　　在写一边倒的文章的时候，多数考生喜欢采用经典的五段式写法，即开头段、结尾段、中间三段三个分论点论证。这样的写法当然无可厚非，然而多数学生会碰到两个问题，一是我只能想到两个理由，第三个理由写不出来怎么办?二是我三个理由都写完了，但是字数不够300字怎么办?这样的情况，就需要我们的救命稻草"让步段"出场了。

　　让步段，顾名思义，就是退了一步的段落。例如，2009年6月27日的题目，For further career success, is relate well to other people more important than studying hard at school? 选择了同意的立场，写完了三个同意的理由之后，可以再写一点让步段论述一下反方的观点，即在学校学习好也很重要。写让步段的好处有很多，一是上文提及的最实际的用途---凑字数，二是从行文逻辑看，写一段让步段也可以展现考生思维的严密性。只要时间允许，此种一举多得的做法为何不尝试呢?

　　但是，让步段写作也需要遵循一定的原则。考生在写作时，应当按照三部曲进行：1)写出一个反方观点 2)进行一定程度的削弱 3)重申自己的观点。

　　1) 写出反方观点

　　这一步大多数同学都做得不错，但是在提出反方观点之前，可再加上一些连接词，例如admittedly, nevertheless等等。还拿之前拿到题目做例子，For further career success, is relate well to other people more important than studying hard at school? 总观点是同意，让步段写学习好也挺重要的。第一步引出反方观点时，应写：Admittedly, acquiring an excellent GPA is one significant proof of your ability, for "study" is one of the major tasks that students are supposed to fulfill in school.

　　2) 进行一定程度的削弱

　　这是大多数同学会忽略的一步。很多同学在写让步段的时候，喜欢跳过第二步，直接重申自己的观点，然而这样的写法会显得逻辑上牵强，行文也显得生硬。因此，在提出反方观点时要进行一定的削弱。例如在写完上文那句话之后，应加上：However, the outstanding scores only prove the intelligence of the student, while the EQ, largely reflected by how well you relate with others, plays an utmost significant role in the future career success.

　　3)重申自己的观点

　　这一步非常重要，因为让步段的提出仅仅是小插曲，重要的还是自己的观点。切不可写了让步段，就忘了自己的立场，那样就是得不偿失了。因此，在写完上面两句话之后，需要再加上一句，therefore, I still hold the opinion that relate well with others is more important than acquiring high scores in school.

　　在让步段的写作当中，尤其需要注意两点：1是第二步的削弱过程，这样可使文章看起来不那么唐突，更为流畅。2是另外还需注意字数的控制，让步段切不可写得超过之前的论述段的长度，否则就有观点不明确的嫌疑了。

　　托福写作(独立写作)的开头段写法

　　1. 教育类作文的开头段：

　　例题1：Do you agree or disagree with the statement: University students should be required to take care basic science classes even if they are not part of the field of the study.

　　那么就这样的例题，我们就可以以这样的开头段为例：

　　Eg. University curriculum determines what kind of education students receive and what kind of educational philosophy the university maintains.(背景句，引入今天的题目的大背景) Some educators advocate incorporating basic science into compulsory courses no matter what fields students major in(改写题目). Personally, I do not think it is a smart move(最后一句表明自己的观点).

　　例题2：Some people advocate students going to school for 9 months a year in a row and take a rest for 3 months. While another point of view favors three months of school with one month for rest. Which do you prefer(2015.10.10)

　　When it comes to school arrangements, opinions vary from person to person.(常用的，也是学生们非常喜欢用的背景句) Some educators believe learning for 9 consecutive months can promote performance while others argue that students need a break every other 3 months(改写题目). If I were to decide, this problem should be answered case by case(表明自己的观点).

　　2. 工作类话题开头段的写法：

　　例题一：A low paying but secure job is better than a job with higher salary but less security.

　　开头段可以这样来写：Some job seekers contend that stability counts the most when entering the workforce while others give priority to material gain that comes with the job(这种开头段的写法是把背景和话题糅合到一个句子里面了，其实这也是很好的写法，因为并不是每个开头段都需要一定去写背景句，而直接把背景和话题以巧妙的方式融合在一起也是没有任何问题的). I, however, think this issue should be analyzed case by case(表明自己的观点).

　　例题二：Future career success relies more on relating to other people more than studying hard at school.

　　The definition of success varies from person to person.(背景句开始铺陈) Some may attribute a successful life to diligence while others argue socializing abilities should be given more emphasis.(改写题目)As for me , success depends on communicative skills, teamwork spirit and social circle, which are easily available in a person who relate well to others. (自己观点和立场的清晰表明)

　　3. 性格品质类话题开头段的写法：

　　例题一：You need to be different to succeed rather then acting like people around you.

　　Success can be perceived and achieved in many different ways.(背景句) Some people believe being different holds the key while others attribute success to finding common grounds. (改写题目)I would like to go the former view because successful depends on knowledge, experience and social circle.(表明自己的观点)

　　托福综合写作的几种开头方法

　　托福综合写作开头方法一、比较新颖、有创意的开头

　　“As technologies and the demand for certain services change， many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker， not to government or to business.

　　As a saying goes， “God helps those help themselves”， which is true in most cases. But as far as the large numbers of laid-off workers caused by the technological and market changes are concerned， I believe the government and the business certainly have an unshakable responsibility to take.

　　托福综合写作开头方法二、 可以适当的复述一下题目，然后稍作让步，再表达自己的观点和立场

　　“Work greatly influences people’s personal lives—their special interests， their leisure activities， even their appearance way from the work place.”

　　The speaker claims that our jobs greatly influence our personal interests， recreational activities and even appearance. While I agree that the personal lives of some people are largely determined by their work， in my view it would be a mistake to draw this conclusion generally. In my observation， the extent to which occupation influences personal life depends on the nature of the work， and how central the work is to one’s sense of self.

　　“We shape our buildings and afterwards our buildings shape us.”

　　I believe this statement should be interpreted broadly—to mean that we are influenced by the exterior shape of buildings， as well as by the arrangement of multiple buildings and by a building’s various architectural and aesthetic elements. While I doubt that buildings determine our character or basic personality traits， I agree that they can greatly influence our attitudes， moods， and even life styles.

　　托福综合写作开头方法三、新托福写作可以以提问方式开头，阐述自己的观点，再表明自己的立场

　　“As technologies and the demand for certain services change， many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker， not to government or to business.”

　　As technology and changing social needs render more and more jobs obsolete， who is responsible for helping displaced workers adjustWhile individuals have primary responsibility for learning new skills and finding work， both industry and government have some obligation to provide them the means of doing so.

　　托福综合写作开头方法四、可以先表明自己的立场，再阐述原因

　　Businesses are as likely as are governments to establish large bureaucracies， but bureaucracy is far more damaging to a business than it is to a government.

　　Contrary to the statement’s premise， my view is that businesses are less likely than government to establish large bureaucracies， because businesses know that they are more vulnerable than government to damage resulting from bureaucratic inefficiencies. My position is well supported by common sense and by observation.

　　托福独立写作范文：电视的功能是教育而不是娱乐

　　托福写作预测题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The purpose of television is to educate not to entertain.(电视的功能是娱乐还是教育?)

　　托福写作参考范文：

　　Television can be seen in restaurants, clubs, and living rooms, with programs ranging from informative documentaries to interesting movies. Some people believe that its purpose is to be educative while others hold an opposite view, claiming that television should be used for entertainment instead. While there is some element of truth in both arguments, I believe that there is no significant need to purposely assign the function of television to either education or entertainment.

　　On the one hand, television can provide pure entertainment. Some funny and horror movies have nothing to do with education. They are designed to provide viewers with laughter or horror. For example, in the movie Final Destination, I learned nothing useful, but I love watching this kind of programs, because I like being frightened, which I may never experience in my actual life. Comedy shows are necessary too. After a whole day’s work, what most people need is true relaxation.

　　On the other hand, television can also offer instructional classes. Its functions nowadays are various and practical. One of the pragmatic and instrumental functions is to store programs that you want to watch again. This makes television a desirable learning tool. For students living in rural areas where access to the Internet and quality education is next to impossible, the educational programs offered by television are good and indispensable choices. By watching these programs, students from less developed areas and disadvantaged families have the opportunity of being decently educated.

　　Besides the abovementioned programs, there are also programs that are both informative and interesting. For example, some documentaries and television series inform us about lessons regarding history, love, and friendship. Watching this kind of programs is rewarding, exciting, and thought-provoking.

　　From the above discussion, I can draw the conclusion that television can be both informative and entertaining depending on the content being shown. There is usually no need to make a clear distinction. Different programs serve different purposes, all of which are imperative and indispensable in our lives. (333)

托福写作让步段开头段综合解析