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小学英语语法知识总结

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英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后,系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。那么具体该如何总结呢?下面是小编为大家整理的小学英语语法知识总结6篇,希望大家能有所收获。

小学英语语法知识总结1

一般过去时态

(a) be 动词的过去式:

I/He/she/it was(not)…. You/we/they were….

一般疑问句was, were 放在句首。

(b) 动词过去式:

肯定句: I watched cartoons.

She visited the zoo.

一般疑问句: Did you read book last night? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.

Did she clean the desk just now? Yes, she did. No, she didn’t.

否定句: They didn’t go the the part yesterday.

He didn’t make model ships last week.

动词过去式变化规则:

1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted

3.末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped

4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied

5.不规则动词过去式:

am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat

小学英语语法知识总结2

动词加ing的变化规则

1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking

2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting

3.如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping

现在进行时,用来表示正在进行或发生的动作。结构是:be (am, is, are)+动词现在分词形式,几种句型:

一、陈述句(肯定句)

主语+be (am, is, are)+现在分词,如:

I am reading English.我正在读英语。

He is writing.他正在写字。 You are running.你正在跑步。

二、一般疑问句

Be(Am, Is, Are)+主语+现在分词, 如:

1. -Are you singing?你正在唱歌吗? -Yes, I am.是的,我在唱歌。

(No, I'm not.不,我不在唱歌。)

2. -Is he (she) listening to music?他(她)在听音乐吗?

-Yes, he (she) is.是的,他(她)在听音乐。

[No, he (she) isn't.不,他(她)不在听音乐。]

三、特殊疑问句

疑问词+be (am, is, are)+主语+现在分词,如:

1. -What are you doing?你正在干什么?

-I am doing my homework.我正在做作业。

2. -What is he (she) doing?他(她)正在干什么?

-He (She) is riding a bike.他(她)正在骑自行车。

与现在进行时连用的词:look(看)、listen(听)、now(现在),

Look! Jack is swimming.看!杰克正在游泳。

Listen! She is singing.听!她正在唱歌。

I am cleaning my room now.现在我正在打扫房间。

小学英语语法知识总结3

一般现在时的功能

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

一般现在时的构成

1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:

We study English.我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

一般现在时的变化

1. be动词的变化。

否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。

如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。

一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。

如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?

2.行为动词的变化。

否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:

I don't like bread.

当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:

He doesn't often play.

一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:

- Do you often play football?

- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:

Does she go to work by bike?

- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?

小结:

通常用时间状语 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。

肯定句:

I go to school on foot every day.

She goes to school on foot every day.

一般疑问句:

Do you jump high? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

Does he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

否定句: We don’t go to school on Sundays.

My mother doesn’t like watching TV in the evening.

小学英语语法知识总结4

形容词的比较级

1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。

2.形容词加er的规则:

⑴一般在词尾加er ;如:tall-taller

⑵以字母e 结尾,加r ;fine- finer

⑶以辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾(除ow结尾),应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;如:big-bigger

⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。如;happy- happier

(5)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more 如:beautiful-more beautiful

3.不规则形容词比较级:

Good/well-better, bad/ill – worse , much /many –more , little –less, few – fewer , far –further

宾语

宾语一般用在及物动词的后面,表示行为动词所涉及的对象。

一、名词作宾语

Show your passport, please.

请出示护照。

二、代词作宾语

He didn't say anything.

他什么也没说。

三、数词作宾语

How many do you want? - I want two.

你要几个?- 我要两个。

四、名词化的形容词作宾语

They sent the injured to hospital.

他们把伤员送到医院。

五、不定式或ing形式作宾语

They asked to see my passport.

他们要求看我的护照。

I enjoy working with you.

我和你们一道工作很愉快。

六、从句作宾语

Did you write down what he said?

你把他的话记下了没有?

小学英语语法知识总结5

系动词亦称联系动词,作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟

表语,构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

说明:

有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如:

He fell ill yesterday.

他昨天病了。

He fell off the ladder.

他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词,单独作谓语。

1)状态系动词

用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:

He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。

2)持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie,

stand, 例如:

He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。

This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。

3)表像系动词

用来表示;看起来像;这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如:

He looks tired. 他看起来很累。

He seems very sad. 他看起来很伤心。

4)感官系动词

感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:

This kind of cloth feels very soft.

这种布手感很软。

This flower smells very sweet.

这朵花闻起来很香。

5)变化系动词

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get,

go, come, run.

例如:

He became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了。

She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。

6)终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, trun out, 表达;证实;,;变成;之意,例如:

The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。

The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。

His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。

小学英语语法知识总结6

1.人称代词

主格: I we you she he it they

宾格: me us you her him it them

形容词性物主代词:my our your her his its their

名词性物主代词: mine ours yours hers his its theirs

2.形容词和副词的比较级

(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er older taller longer stronger, etc

(2) 多音节词前+more more interesting, etc.

(3) 双写最后一个字母,再+er bigger fatter, etc.

(4) 把y变i,再+er heavier, earlier

(5) 不规则变化: well-better, much/many-more, etc.

3.可数词的复数形式

Most nouns + s a book –books

Nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories

Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches

Nouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes

Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves

4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)

bread, rice, water ,juice etc.

5. 缩略形式

I’m = I am

you’re = you are

she’s = she is

he’s = he is

it’s = it is

who’s =who is

can’t =can not

isn’t=is not etc

6. a/an

a book,

a peach

an egg

an hour

7. Preposition:

on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.

表示时间: at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast

on Monday on 15th July On National Day in the evening in December in winter

8. 基数词和序数词

one – first two-second twenty-twentieth

9. Some /any I have some toys in my bedroom.

Do you have any brothers or sisters?

10. be 动词

(1) Basic form: am/are/is

(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.

My eyes are(not) small.

My hair is(not) long.

(3)一般疑问句: Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.

Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.

Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.

11. there be 结构 肯定句:

There is a … There are …

一般疑问句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t. Are there…?

Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.

否定句: There isn’t …. There aren’t….

12. 祈使句 Sit down please Don’t sit down, please.

13. 现在进行时.通常用“now”. 形式:

be + verb +ing eg: I am(not) doing my homework.

You/We/They are(not) reading.

He/She/It is(not) eating.

动词 —ing 的形式

Most verbs +ing walk—walking

Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming

Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant

run –running swim—swimming

14 一般现在时。

通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。

肯定句: I go to school on foot every day. She goes to school on foot every day.

一般疑问句: Do you jump high? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. Does he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

否定句: We don’t go to school on Sundays. My mother doesn’t like watching TV in the evening.

15. (情态)动词can,must, should 后面直接用动词原形。

eg: 1. I / He / She / They can sing.

2.You should keep quiet in the library.

16. 一般过去时态

(a) be 动词的过去式: I/He/she/it was(not)…. You/we/they were….

一般疑问句was, were 放在句首。

(b) 动词过去式:

肯定句: I watched cartoons. She visited the zoo.

一般疑问句: Did you read book last night? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. Did she clean the desk just now? Yes, she did. No, she didn’t. 否定句: They didn’t go the the part yesterday. He didn’t make model ships last week.

(3)动词过去式的变化:

规则动词的变化:

Most verbs +ed eg. planted,watered,climbed。

Verbs ending in e +d eg liked。

Verbs ending in a consonant +y --y +ied

eg : study—studied Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant

eg: stop --stopped

不规则动词的变化:

is/am—was,

are—were,

do—did,

have/has—had,

make—made,

fly-flew/u:/ eat—ate,

take—took,

run—ran,

sing—sang,

drink—drank 等等

17. “Wh-” questions.

What are you doing? What colour is it?

Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?

How much is the toy bear?

小学英语语法知识总结